C++ Variable Types


Group	Type Names	Comments
character	char	Characters represented by values between 0 and 255, size is 8 bits
Integer	int8_t uint8_t int16_t uint16_t int32_t uint32_t	signed integer (byte),width of 8 bits, value range of -128 to +127 unsigned integer (byte), width of 8 bits, value range of 0 to 255 signed integer (int), width of 16 bits, value range of -32768 to 32767 unsigned integer(int), width of 16 bits, value range of 0 to 65535 signed integer (long), width of 32 bits , value range of -2147483648 to 2147483647 unsigned integer (long), width of 32 bits, value range of 0 to 4294967295
Floating-point (1)	float double	32 bit size with values ranging from 1.175494351e-38 to 3.40282347e+38 64 bit size with values ranging from 2.22507385850720138e-308 to 1.79769313486231571e+308
Void		no storage
Boolean	bool	size of 8 bits with values of 0 (false) or 1 (true)
Null pointer		All pointers have a size of 32 bits

int8_t is prefered over int because it explicitly defines the width of the variable in bits (8-bits in this case). Int will vary in size depending on the microcontroller chip (8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, etc.). The same applies for byte, int, long, etc.

(1) Double is preferred over float because it provides 2x more precision. Floats are faster than doubles, and they use less memory. See also fixed width floating-point types (float#_t).

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